Prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of diarrhea among children below 5 years in Bondhere district Somalia

Abstract

Introduction: globally diarrhea is rated as the second leading cause of mortality among children below the age of five years. The highest rates of morbidity and mortality as a result of diarrhea are reported in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia. Studies have documented Somalia as among the countries with significant high rates of diarrhea among children below the age of 5 years. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of diarrhea. Methods: the study employed a descriptive cross sectional study design where data was collected using semi structured questionnaires. Simple random sampling was employed to identify caregivers that were included in the study. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 20 at 95% confidence interval. Both descriptive and regression analysis were carried out. The data was presented using tables and graphs. Ethical clearance was sought from University of Eastern Africa Baraton ethical review committee. Permission and consent were sought from the administrative leadership of Bondhere district and caregivers respectively. Results: the prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years was 22.4%. Socio-demographic factors reported to significantly influence the prevalence of diarrhea among children under years were caregiver education level and number of children under 5 years. Conclusion: the prevalence of diarrhea among children under 5 years was considerably high. Several socio-demographic factors were associated with diarrhea. The study recommends improvement of education and sensitization of communities on family planning.